Cacti --- Install Cacti 0.8.8b by YUM on CentOS 7.x

Cacti tool is an open source web based network monitoring and system monitoring graphing solution for IT business. Cacti enables a user to poll services at regular intervals to create graphs on resulting data using RRDtool. Generally, it is used to graph time-series data of metrics such as network bandwidth utilization, CPU load, running processes, disk space etc.

According to Cacti Official Document, the Cacti requires that the following software is installed on CentOS environment.

• Apache
• MySQL(or MariaDB) 5.x or later
• PHP 5.1 or later
• RRDTool 1.0.49 or later (1.4+ recommend )

Install the required packages

• Apache

Based on RPM OS, we need to install the required packages as follows:

Install Apache by using the yum install httpd httpd-devel command

• MySQL(or MariaDB)

Install MariaDB (# 1) by using the yum install mariadb-server command

• PHP

Install PHP by using the yum install php php-mysql php-ldap php-xml php-pear php-common php-gd php-devel php-mbstring php-cli command

Install PHP-SNMP by using the yum install php-snmp command

Install NET-SNMP by using the yum install net-snmp-utils net-snmp-libs command

• RRDTools

Install RRDTool by using the yum install rrdtool command

Set PHP Timezone

Due to the host's timezone has already been defined by running the timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Taipei command

we have to set the date.timezone value like the system in the /etc/php.ini file as follows:

Start HTTPD, MySQL and SNMP service

To start HTTPD, MySQL and SNMP service by entering following command in your console:

# systemctl start httpd.service

# systemctl start mariadb.service

# systemctl start snmpd.service

If we want to automatically start HTTPD, MySQL and SNMP daemon on boot time, we have to do the command as follows:

# systemctl enable httpd.service
# systemctl enable mariadb.service
# systemctl enable snmpd.service

Setup MySQL database and User Accounts

To set MySQL “root” new password for new MySQL installation by using the mysqladmin -u root password command

To login into MySQL Server with “root” new password next to create MySQL “cacti” database with user “cactidbuser” and passowrd “09877890”

Install Cacti by YUM

To enable EPEL repository by using the yum install epel-release command

and install cacti through YUM command by using the yum install cacti command

Import cacti table to MySQL cacti database

To find out the cacti.sql file path by using the rpm -ql cacti | grep cacti.sql command

To import cacti tables into newly created cacti database by using the mysql -u cactidbuser -p cacti < /usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.8b/cacti.sql command and the process need to type the cacidbuser password 09877890

Configure MySQL setting

To edit the /etc/cacti/db.php file and change the following content as follows:

/* make sure these values reflect your actual database/host/user/password */
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cactidbuser";
$database_password = "09877890";
$database_port = "3306";
$database_ssl = false;

AS-IS

TO-BE

Configure Apache to Network Access

To edit a file /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf for enabling access to Cacti application from the local network or IP level.

AS-IS

TO-BE

If set ALL to allow access to cacti

       

If set IP Range to allow access to cacti

       We can replace the above red tag with the following bold font.

               # httpd 2.4

    Require host localhost

   Require host 10.0.0.0/8

   Require host 172.16.0.0/12
               Require host 192.168.0.0/16
             

               # httpd 2.2
               Allow from localhost

   Allow from 10.0.0.0/8

   Allow from 172.16.0.0/12
               Allow from 192.168.0.0/16
            

Set scheduled task

Cacti uses cron (scheduled task) in order to execute its polling process.  We can uncomment the following line in a a /etc/cron.d/cacti file

*/5 * * * *    cacti   /usr/bin/php /usr/share/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1

AS-IS

TO-BE

To set this new user with the ownership and permission of the rra and log directories.

# chown -R cacti /usr/share/cacti/rra

# chmod 775 -R /usr/share/cacti/rra

# chown -R cacti /usr/share/cacti/log

# chmod 775 -R /usr/share/cacti/log

Open http port in Firewall

Confiugre firewall for Cacti

# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http

# firewall-cmd --reload

Restart HTTPD, MySQL and SNMP service

To restart HTTPD, MySQL and SNMP service by entering following command in your console:

# systemctl restart httpd.service
# systemctl restart mariadb.service
# systemctl restart snmpd.service

Setup Cacti at the first time

If the above procedure has already been finished, we can go to http://YOUR-IP-HERE/cacti/ and follow the installer instruction through the following screens

Please choose installation Type as "New Install" and then click Next >> button

Make sure all the following values are correct next to click Finish button.

In the Cacti Login Screen, enter username as admin and password as admin by default.

Once you've entered username and password, it will ask you to enter a new password for cacti.

Now we can see the dashboard of the cacti.

Reference:

(# 1)   Due to RedHat changes the default DB policy in RHEL/CentOS 7.x, it still install MariaDB if we want to install MySQL as RHEL/CentOS 6.x environment  by using the yum install mysql mysql-server command.

CentOS 7.x --- How to change hostname on CentOS 7 x64

In the CentOS 7 system(minimal installation), there are three types of hostname as static, transient and pretty.

What is the different type?

The “static” hostname is stored in “/etc/hostname” file and is used to initialize the kernel hostname at boot.

The “transient” hostname is a temporary hostname which specified by DHCP or DNS server.

Both static and transient hostnames follow the same character restriction rules as Internet domain names.

As to the “pretty” hostname, it is stored in “/etc/machine-info” file and allow user to set all kinds of special characters(ex: “DAVIDWA DESKTOP”).

How to change it?

Change all types hostname

If we want to change the three types of hostname at the same time, we can do it by using the sudo hostnamectl set-hostname <new hostname> command.

Change the special type hostname

If we want to use the NetworkManage Text tool by using the sudo nmtui command, it just is used to set the static hostname in /etc/hostname file.

If you want to change a particular hostname only (static, transient or pretty), you can use "--static", "--transient" or "--pretty" option. For example, to change hostname permanently, you can change the static hostname by using the sudo hostnamectl --static set-hostname  <new hostname> command

After change the hostname, It may be necessary to restart the systemd-hostnamed daemon so that as to reflect the change in Static hostname by using the sudo systemctl restart systemd-hostnamed command

Check the current hostname

If we want to view the hostname of the CentOS 7 system, you can use “hostnamectl” or “hostnamectl status” command directly.

or use hostnamectl status [--static|--transient|--pretty] to view static, transient or pretty hostname, respectively.

After reboot it and log in again, the system will display the new hostname now.